Thailand is facing a new era of challenges in water management, markedly different from the past. Key factors include climate change, which has led to more frequent and severe droughts and floods; a growing population that is driving up water demand while available resources remain limited; and economic development, which has increased water use in the industrial and service sectors, thereby reducing the volume available for domestic consumption. In addition, water pollution from industrial, agricultural, and community activities continues to affect water quality, public health, and the balance of ecosystems.

To respond to this situation, Thailand must adopt sustainable and efficient water management practices. This involves integrated water resource management that considers the interconnections between water sources and environmental impacts, promoting efficient water use across all sectors, developing new water sources such as small reservoirs, groundwater wells, or seawater desalination, maintaining existing irrigation systems for equitable water distribution, controlling water quality to reduce pollution, and encouraging participation from all sectors in decision-making and implementation.

If carried out with determination and consistency, these measures will strengthen water security, meet future demand, maintain a balance between economic growth and natural resource conservation, and enhance the country’s ability to cope effectively with droughts, floods, and environmental changes in the long term.

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